Political principles |
Political principles |
Chapter 1: Political principles
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Article 1
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| Nature of the Republic, and of the Egyptian people
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| The Arab Republic of Egypt is an independent sovereign state, united and indivisible,and its system is democratic. The Egyptian people are part of the Arab and Islamicnations, are proud of belonging to the Nile Valley, to the African continent and toAsia. The Egyptian people contribute to human civilization.
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Article 2: Religion, language and source of legislation
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| Islam is the religion of the state and Arabic is its official language. The principles ofIslamic Sharia are the principal source of legislation. |
Article 3: Christian and Jewish religious affairs
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| The principles of Christian and Jewish laws are the main source of legislation forfollowers of Christianity and Judaism in matters pertaining to personal status,religious affairs and nomination of spiritual leaders. |
Article 4: Al-Azhar
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| Al-Azhar is an encompassing independent Islamic institution, with exclusivecompetence over its own affairs. It is responsible for preaching Islam, theology andthe Arabic language in Egypt and throughout the world. Al-Azhar’s Council of SeniorScholars is to be consulted in matters relating to Islamic Sharia.
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| The state ensures sufficient funds for Al-Azhar to achieve its objectives.
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Article 5: Sovereignty
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| Sovereignty belongs to the people. The people exercise and protect sovereignty, andsafeguard their national unity. The people are the source of power. This is asprovided in this Constitution.
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Article 6: Democratic principles
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| The political system is based on the principles of democracy and consultation,citizenship (under which all citizens are equal in rights and public duties), politicaland multi-party pluralism, the peaceful transfer of power, the separation and balanceof powers, the rule of law, and respect for human rights and freedoms. All of theforegoing is as provided in the Constitution.
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| It is prohibited to form a political party that discriminates between citizens, whetheron the basis of gender, origin or religion.
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Article 7: The duty to safeguard national security andconscription
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| Safeguarding national security, defending the motherland and protecting its soil is anhonour and a sacred duty. Conscription is obligatory and is organized by law.
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| Preamble |
| State and Society |
| Political Principles |
| Social and Ethical Principles |
| Economic Principles |
| Rights and Freedoms |
| Personal Rights |
| Moral and Political Rights |
| Economic and Social Rights |
| Guarantees for the Protection of Rights and Freedoms |
| Public Authorities |
| Legislative Authority |
| Common provisions |
| Council of Representatives |
| Shura Council |
| Executive Authority |
| President |
| Cabinet |
| Judicial Authority |
| General Provisions |
| Judiciary and Public Prosecution |
| State Council |
| Supreme Constitutional Court |
| Judicial Bodies |
| The legal profession |
| The experts |
| Local Administration |
| Local Administrative Division of the State |
| Local Councils |
| National Security and Defense |
| National Security Council |
| Armed Forces |
| National Defense Council |
| Military Judiciary |
| Police |
| Independent Bodies and Regulatory Agencies |
| Regulatory Agencies |
| National Anti Corruption Commission |
| Central Auditing Organization |
| Central Bank |
| Economic and Social Council |
| National Electoral Commission |
| Independent bodies |
| Supreme Authority for Endowment Affairs |
| Supreme Authority for Heritage Conservation |
| National Council for Education and Scientific Research |
| Independent Press and Media Organizations |
| Final And Transitional Provisions |
| Amendments to the Constitution |
| Transitional Provisions |