Language of the Supreme Court

Language of the Supreme Court

Language of the Supreme Court

Language of the Supreme Court

- Constitution of India

Chapter III - Language of the Supreme Court, High Courts, etc.

Article 348 Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, etc.

(1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides -
(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,
(b) the authoritative texts -
(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State.
(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and
(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State, shall be in the English language.
(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State:
Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.
(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.

Article 349 Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language
During the period of fifteen years from the commencement of this Constitution, no Bill or amendment making provision for the language to be used for any of the purposes mentioned in clause (1) of article 348 shall be introduced or moved in either House of Parliament without the previous sanction of the President, and the President shall not give his sanction to the introduction of any such Bill or the moving of any such amendment except after he has taken into consideration the recommendations of the Commission constituted under clause (1) of article 344 and the report of the Committee constituted under clause (4) of that article.


Constitution of India

Preamble
Union and its Territory
Citizenship
Fundamental Rights
General Fundamental Rights
Right to Equality
Right to Freedom
Right against Exploitation
Right to Freedom of Religion
Cultural and Educational Rights
Saving of Certain Laws
Right to Constitutional Remedies
Directive Principles Of State Policy
Fundamental Duties
Union
Executive
President and Vice President
Council of Ministers
Attorney General for India
Conduct of Government Business
Parliament
General Parliament
Officers of Parliament
Conduct of Business
Disqualifications of Members
Parliament and its Members
Legislative Procedure
Procedure in Financial Matters
Procedure Generally
Legislative Powers of the President
Union Judiciary
Comptroller and Auditor General of India
General The States
Governor
Advocate General for the State
State Legislature
General State Legislature
Officers of the State Legislature
Powers Privileges and Immunities
Legislative Power of The Governor
High Courts in the States
Subordinate Courts
States in Part B of the First Schedule
Union Territories
Panchayats
Municipalities
Scheduled and Tribal Areas
Relations Between The Union and the States
Legislative Relations
Administrative Relations
General Administrative Relations
Disputes relating to Waters
Co ordination between States
Finance Property Contracts and Suits
Finance
General Finance
Distribution of Revenues
Miscellaneous Financial Provisions
Borrowing
Property Contracts Rights and Suits
Right to Property
Trade Commerce and Intercourse Within the Territory
Services Under the Union and the States
Services
Public Service Commissions
Tribunals
Elections
Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes
Official Language
Language of the Union
Regional Languages
Language of the Supreme Court
Special Directives
Emergency Provisions
Miscellaneous
Amendment of the Constitution
Temporary Transitional and Special Provisions
Short Title Commencement Authoritative
First Schedule
Second Schedule
Second Schedule Part A
Second Schedule Part B
Second Schedule Part C
Second Schedule Part D
Second Schedule Part E
Third Schedule
Fourth Schedule
Fifth Schedule
Fifth Schedule Part A
Fifth Schedule Part B
Fifth Schedule Part C
Fifth Schedule Part D
Sixth Schedule
Seventh Schedule
Eighth Schedule
Ninth Schedule
Tenth Schedule
Eleventh Schedule
Twelfth Schedule
Appendix I
Appendix II
Constitution India Language Of The Supreme Court 2024
What’s Article 370? What to know about India top court verdict on Kashmir Al Jazeera English
Hindi Is National Language, Says Supreme Court; What Does The Constitution Say? Outlook India
Can’t direct Centre to recognise a language as ‘official language’, says Supreme Court The Hindu
The language used in courts: What the Constitution and laws say The Indian Express