Common provisions
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Common provisions ![]()
- Constitution of Romania
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CHAPTER I - Common provisions
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| ARTICLE 15 - Universality
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| (1) All citizens enjoy the rights and freedoms granted to them by the Constitution and other laws, and have the duties laid down thereby.
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| (2) The law shall only act for the future, except for the more favourable criminal or administrative law.
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| ARTICLE 16 - Equality of rights
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| (1) Citizens are equal before the law and public authorities, without any privilege or discrimination.
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| (2) No one is above the law.
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| (3) Access to public, civil, or military positions or dignities may be granted, according to the law, to persons whose citizenship is Romanian and whose domicile is in Romania. The Romanian State shall guarantee equal opportunities for men and women to occupy such positions and dignities.
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| (4) After Romania's accession to the European Union, the Union's citizens who comply with the requirements of the organic law have the right to elect and be elected to the local public administration bodies.
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| ARTICLE 17 - Romanian citizens while abroad
Romanian citizens while abroad shall enjoy the protection of the Romanian State and shall be bound to fulfil their duties, with theexception of those incompatible with their absence from the country.
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| ARTICLE 18 - Aliens and stateless persons
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| (1) Aliens and stateless persons living in Romania shall enjoy general protection of persons and assets, as guaranteed by the Constitution and other laws.
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| (2) The right of asylum shall be granted and withdrawn under the provisions of the law, in compliance with the international treaties and conventions Romania is a party to.
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| ARTICLE 19 - Extradition and expulsion
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| (1) No Romanian citizen shall be extradited or expelled from Romania.
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| (2) By exemption from the provisions of paragraph
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| (1), Romanian citizens can be extradited based on the international agreements Romania is a party to, according to the law and on a mutual basis.
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| (3) Aliens and stateless persons may be extradited only in compliance with an international convention or in terms of reciprocity.
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| (4) Expulsion or extradition shall be ruled by the court.
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| ARTICLE 20 - International treaties on human rights
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| (1) Constitutional provisions concerning the citizens' rights and liberties shall be interpreted and enforced in conformity with the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, with the convenants and other treaties Romania is a party to.
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| (2) Where any inconsistencies exist between the covenants and treaties on the fundamental human rights Romania is a party to, and the national laws, the international regulations shall take precedence, unless the Constitution or national laws comprise more favourable provisions.
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| ARTICLE 21 - Free access to justice
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| (1) Every person is entitled to bring cases before the courts for the defence of his legitimate rights, liberties and interests.
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| (2) The exercise of this right shall not be restricted by any law.
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| (3) All parties shall be entitled to a fair trial and a solution of their cases within a reasonable term.
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(4) Administrative special jurisdiction is optional and free of charge.
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Constitution of Romania
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| General Principles
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| Fundamental Rights Freedoms and Duties
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| Common provisions
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| Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
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| Fundamental Duties
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| Advocate of the People
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| Public Authorities
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| Parliament
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| Organization and functioning
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| Statute of Deputies and Senators
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| Legislation
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| President of Romania
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| Government
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| Relations between Parliament and the Government
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| Public Administration
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| Specialized Central Public Administration
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| Local Public Administration
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| Judicial Authority
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| Courts of Law
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| Public Ministry
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| Superior Council of Magistracy
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| Economy and Public Finance
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| Constitutional Court
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| Euro Atlantic Integration
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| Revision of the Constitution
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Final and Transitory Provisions
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